paulsociologyessay Essays - Articles, Academic Disciplines

In this day and age, it is anything but difficult to spot individuals who censure themselves for the issues in which they are confronting. For instance, a solitary parent may accuse oneself for having the option to be in the situation to help the kid because of various conditions. Another model can be couples who have recently hitched previously having day by day contentions which prompts an early separation, or ladies who might be confronting trouble changing in accordance with being a homemaker and losing her character. These issues may appear to be close to home, yet these are issues are totally identified with society. This is known as sociological creative mind. Sociological minds is the possibility that individuals will take a gander at their very own difficulties and relate them to the issues of a general public. They attempt to interface their own issues to the issues in the public eye. Their own issues are closley identified with the issues of society and with the comprehens ion of sociological creative mind I begant to draw parallets between my own issues and the issues of our general public. I perceived how the day by day decisions I made, the classes I chose to join in or not join in, the manner in which my folks raised me, the gathering of individuals I spend time with, the things I like to discuss all are influenced by the open issues and what society will in general cause us to accept is correct or wrong. There are numerous parts of my life that I feel are incredibly influenced by different sociological speculations, for example, sexuality, family and culture, ethnicity and race, and social class.Even however America is the bubbling pot nation, there are still issues with race and culture. I experienced childhood in an African-American family, however there are hints of Caucasion and Native American in my family tree. My family helped shapw my perspectives and practices socially. My granddad was conceived in the south and he would disclose to me a necdotes about separation when he was growing up. While he indignantly communicated his sentiments about Caucasian individuals, since he was somebody I saw as a saint, I gradually began to accept that those individuals were precisely the same in this day and age. I accept that I was encountering expectant socialization, I was communicating and taking on the standards and beliefs and practices of a job in which one tries however doesn't yet involve. I saw my acitoons as that of dismissing self-socializaton and making my family a part of essential socialization. Because of what my granddad imparted to me, I attempted to keep away from Caucasisian individuals. I began to accept that their way of life was restricting the measure of chances and alternatives that I had. On account of my natural encounters, I began to accept that I had no power over my own convictions on culture and society. Because of the expectant socilaiztion with my granddad, I despite everything have issues building u p my own convictions, yet as I have gotten more established, I am beginning to shake away from that. Society will in any case consistently assume a significant job in the decisions I make. Social impacts can and will be wild. Now and again individuals even utilize social impacts to frame their own convictions. This experience helped me torealize that despite the fact that individuals don't figure it does, society assumes a significant job in creating society and family perspectives and qualities (Tony). My racial personality turned out to be clear as I was viewed as a piece of the minority in my group brimming with Caucasian individuals. I was accustomed to being encircled by individuals of color, so I was astounded at the gigantic assortment of races that existed. Despite the fact that I was one of the main individuals of color in the school, I understood that it was more to the world than an individual's own race. From the start I felt strange in the predominately all while classe s, yet I figured out how to adjust. I did encounted individuals of my own race and I felt some solace in chatting with them. Before long, I began to feel that I was a piece of an unmistakable ethnic gathering and I would feel increasingly acknowledged when I was with individuals of other ehtnic gatherings. Accoridng to Brym and Lie, ethnic gatherings is made out of individuals who saw cultureal markers are considered

Mobile Computing and Social Networks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Portable Computing and Social Networks - Essay Example The application can snap photos of the mishap and connect them to the case information and transfer the case data to a server. This decreases the period of time to process a case documented along these lines. Across the nation contenders have gone with the same pattern and created iPhone, iPad, and Android utilizations of their own. Policyholders can get messages by means of Facebook or Twitter. Other business forms that have been reengineered because of portable processing incorporate Quick Response (QR) codes which have supplanted one-dimensional scanner tags. They are perused utilizing cell phones, tolerating charge card installments from an iPhone, iPad or Android gadget, saving checks utilizing an iPhone without visiting a bank, and numerous more. Several reviews have reached general resolutions that applications like Facebook are raising as fundamental application advancement stages. Numerous others see Google as increasingly critical in such manner. Thinking about the vers atile registering stages, Apple is by all accounts the pioneer in the market (Vizard, 2012). The current examination centers around versatile figuring and informal communities finding out about their adequacy, difficulties, strategies and applications as impacting the lives of every person. Versatile Based Applications: Effectiveness and Efficiency: Different organizations are in the current occasions attempting to compose for inventive portable applications that displays the component of geo-area. It is an innovation that utilizes information accessible from the cell phone of an individual and recognizes their precise area at a specific purpose of time. Nowadays this component can be found in practically all cell phones especially upgraded in the Smartphones that empower GPS (Global Positioning System, for example, iPhone, Droid and others. The advantages of geo-advertising have just been distinguished. These applications empower limits and advancements to the clients when they mak e the buys and thus likewise give them constant important information dependent on the inclinations of the clients. This information might be assembled with the profile of a client giving a customized understanding (Jaiswal, n.d., p.1). Area mindful applications can likewise be joined with the web based life stages that license outsider designers to fuse geo-area applications into their administration. This requires lesser mechanical venture and an organization can control the abilities of the stage administrations †like Facebook †to propel its promoting approaches by letting them to give neighborhood data and exposure. â€Å"For model, Booyah, a â€Å"location-based computer game company,† is the maker of myTown, one of the most mainstream iPhone applications. The organization as of late propelled InCrowd, an area mindful application based on Facebook Places innovation, which lets clients cooperate with companions and offer posts progressively in genuine world loc ations† (Jaiswal, n.d., p.2). Be that as it may, despite the fact that the innovation ends up being helpful, there are sure worries among the clients with respect to the security around the utilization of the applications especially concerning the assortment of the area information, spamming by promotions, and other related variables (Jaiswal, n.d., p.3). With the GPS frameworks being accessible in the portable taking care of gadgets in the ongoing occasions, the utilization of frameworks dependent on the spot have gotten progressively well known. The latest â€Å"

Genetics of Alcoholism. Does Alcohol Dependence Depend of Race

Liquor abuse is extremely totally known event that have a spot in each culture. Present day clinical definitions depict liquor addiction as an illness and dependence which brings about a steady utilization of liquor in spite of negative outcomes. Despite the fact that this definition don't indicate current and on-going utilization of liquor as a qualifier for liquor addiction, some do, just as commenting on the drawn out impacts of reliable, overwhelming liquor use, incorporate reliance and side effects of withdrawal. Mental geneticists John I. Nurnberger, Jr. what's more, Laura Jean Bierut propose that liquor abuse doesn't have a solitary causeâ€including geneticâ€but that qualities do assume a significant job â€Å"by influencing forms in the body and mind that communicate with each other and with a person's beneficial encounters to create insurance or vulnerability. † They additionally report that less than twelve liquor addiction related qualities have been recognize d, however that almost certain anticipate disclosure. In any event one hereditary test exists for an allele that is connected to liquor addiction and sedative enslavement. Human dopamine receptor qualities have a discernible variety alluded to as the DRD2 TaqI polymorphism.Those who have the A1 allele (variety) of this polymorphism have a little however huge inclination towards dependence on sedatives and endorphin discharging drugs like liquor. In spite of the fact that this allele is somewhat increasingly normal in heavy drinkers and sedative addicts, it isn't without anyone else a sufficient indicator of liquor abuse, and a few scientists contend that proof for DRD2 is conflicting. Additionally, contemplates show that the extent of men with liquor reliance is higher than the extent of ladies, 7% and 2. 5% individually, in spite of the fact that ladies are increasingly helpless against long haul outcomes of alcoholism.Around 90% of grown-ups in United States devour liquor, and mor e than 700,000 of them are dealt with day by day for liquor abuse. Teacher David Zaridze, who drove the global research group, determined that liquor had murdered 3,000,000 Russians since 1987. In the United Kingdom, the quantity of ‘dependent consumers' was determined as more than 2. 8 million of every 2001. The World Health Organization evaluates that around 140 million individuals all through the world experience the ill effects of liquor reliance and prevailing number of them is European individuals. 70% of Asian individuals, as per Svetlana Borinskaya PhD.Laboratory laborer of foundation of General Genetics sake of the Vavilov, have a specific quality that functions as a defender from liquor addictive condition. My theory articulation is that Asian individuals are less inclined to turn into a liquor addictive that European individuals. So as to test my speculation I will utilize a trial technique. In my trial I will require two gatherings of members, the two gatherings wi ll be trial. First gathering will contain 100 members that have a place with European race, second gathering will contain 100 members that have a place with Asian race with â€Å"Asian† quality of alcoholic protector.In my test I will attempt to choose when all is said in done the same member from the physical appearance perspective. Likewise they ought not be dynamic liquor clients or they ought to be individuals that never taste liquor. There are models for members: guys, 25-35 years of age, weight 70-90 kg, stature 170-190 cm, normal constitution, great wellbeing, normal societal position and normal practical status. Analysis will most recent two months. In the start of my trial I will put members in two houses. During test they will have five ingestions for every day: breakfast, supper, bite, lunch and supper.Then consistently before ingestion they will get part of vine-400 g. and furthermore they will have an entrance to vine. Vine consumption before ingestions and free access to vine will endures one month in the second month we will stop access to vine and furthermore in taking vine before ingestion. What's more, during entire this month watch their conduct. After second month of investigation we will give them a part of vine. Likewise legitimately after test we will request that they assess their self-examination about them from the liquor reliance purpose of view.Then as indicated by members response to conclusive bit of vine and furthermore alludes to a self-evaluation of members we will gather and afterward investigate information. There are three anticipated results of the examination First, European individuals will show less resilience to liquor reliance then Asian individuals and it will imply that my speculation is correct and â€Å"Asian† quality is filled in as liquor reliance defender. Second, there will be no distinction among European and Asian individuals from the resilience to liquor reliance perspective it will imply that â€Å"Asian† quality don't impact to liquor defender mechanism.Third, European individuals will exhibit higher resistance to liquor reliance then Asian individuals, it will mean that†Asian† quality don't impact to liquor defender component or works contrarily than that we assume.

What are the risk factors associated with lower back pain amongst nurses Free Essays

string(142) to individual and business related characteristicscross-sectional and incorporated an overview of ICU nursesShift designs Manual dealing with Eriksen et al. Presentation The reason for this task is to survey picked writing on perceiving the dangers variables of lower back torment in medical attendants. This will at that point empower the creator to build up what sway these suggestions have on medical attendants. Work factors was picked as the subject to survey as this was a serious hazardous issue that the creator found on an ongoing position. We will compose a custom article test on What are the hazard factors related with lower back agony among attendants? or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now Dawidowicz (2010) characterizes a writing survey as a â€Å"systematic assessment of information accessible from a picked point, including proper companion investigated sources†. Moreover, a writing audit ought to be a â€Å"review of what’s known, not suspected or accepted about a particular point. Consequently, It’s objective is to finished a â€Å"accurate portrayal of the information and re-looked through based hypothesis of the picked topic†. Foundation Ongoing proof and research has indicated that, over late years lower back agony has gotten perhaps the most elevated reason for business related disease (Beijia et al, 2005). Wolfe Pfleder (2003) along these lines recommend that, this is intense issue and an expensive issue to medical clinics and trusts. Bernard (1997) further proceeds to state, it is indicated that lower back torment and remaining task at hand are connected through research taken through late years. Collins Menzel (2006) state â€Å"The Health of medical attendants impacts not just their activity fulfillment, personal satisfaction and want to change vocations yet in addition nature of care and patient safety†, along these lines, numerous word related Health groups have gotten mindful and accordingly, are currently concentrating on the nursing calling, as it is recognized as truly and mentally requesting. Approach All together for the writing survey to start encompassing this subject, the writer needed to look through databases, producing from the University of Derby, through their EBSCO database. This hence empowered the writer to look, Medline, British Nursing Index and chanhai were scanned for the important articles. The creator likewise looked through reference records from fundamental surveys for the picked subject. All together for the creator to get the best outcomes from the database, a specialized help expert guaranteed that significant writing was remembered for their hunt. The watchwords looked in this writing audit were, â€Å"back pain†, and â€Å"work related† the writer needed to constrain their models, all together for the inquiry to work. The writer concluded that for molecule reasons and furthermore for forward-thinking proof regarding the matter, a course of events search was to be utilized, this was â€Å"1990-2011† which brought about 792 articles being found. The writing search was still to wide with assets, hence, results must be limited more, so as to do this the writer looked through utilizing the propelled search. This was utilized with the goal that the â€Å"Gender† search was male and female, â€Å"language published† was English. The creator additionally thought about the age of the members in the pursuit, they looked through the age models as, 19+, moderately aged and 65+. This created 103 articles, in any case, the writer despite everything believed this to be to wide an inquiry. Ultimately, the s ubject pursuit at that point included â€Å"Nurses† which at that point brought about sixty-one articles being found. The creator looked â€Å"all world† so as to get the most ideal outcomes from the inquiry and to think about whether every nation has a similar result of various. The picked articles extended from, USA, Greece, South Korea, Canada, Netherlands and Norway. The creator needed to look into different nations perspectives on the hazard factors for lower back torment through the workplace. The writer at that point read through the article titles produced from the inquiry from perusing the articles abstracts: the writer the set up them or pertinence. Be that as it may, from further perusing, the writer discovered most article un-pertinent to the subject and, the language was not English. Subsequently, the non applicable points and, articles that didn't give the base data required. were then expelled from the hunt. The writer discovered important articles, be that as it may, they were not accessible from the college and albeit expressed consequently, the writer needed to avoid this from their rundown. This at that point left thirty articles which, the writer thought were expectable by perusing the modified works. From the thirty articles, 15 were really esteemed appropriate from further perusing of the articles. The outcomes at that point left seven articles to be evaluated by the writer, these were composed by; Simon et al. (2006); Vieira et al. (2006); Ja June et al. (2009); Eriksen et al. (2004); Bryns et al. (2004); Alexopoulos et al. (2003). These articles have been picked because of the reality they have been peer-looked into and contain valuable and significant data regarding the matter and are morally endorsed by the members in the exploration. The articles went from believable sources, these were: International Journal of Nursing Studies; Advanced nursing practice; Journal of clinical nursing and diary of word related and evoirmental wellbeing. The articles investigate issues around Lower back wounds and agony in the workplace for attendants, including physical factors as well as, likewise psychophysical factors. The articles investigate why hazard factors are there and how in future they can be safeguard through instruction required preparing. Results The table (underneath) has been drawn up through the direction of PRISMA (2009) to extricate the valuable and pertinent data out of the articles. The creator has decided to introduce the discoveries in a table ,as it empowers them to audit, conceptual and reference the fitting and significant data required for the writing survey. Table 1: results from the picked writing Creator Year originStudy Selection Age of participantsStudy CharacteristicsMethodologySummary Of Findings Simon et al. (2006)Belgium; Germany; France; Italy; The Netherlands; Poland; Slovakia21,516 24-50 Whatever degree physical and psychosocial chance variables are related with back-torment related inability in nursingCross-sectional auxiliary investigation of worldwide dataManual dealing with not the reason for lower back agony issues Vieira et al. (2006)Canada47 24-36 To distinguish issues prompting the higher frequency pace of business related low back injury among medical caretakers in the orthopedic and serious consideration unitHospital wounds records and questionnaireManual dealing with concerns: *pulling *twisting *squatting Natural components Ja June et al. (2009)South Korea1345 27 To look at the commonness and treatment of low back agony and the relationship to individual and business related characteristicscross-sectional and incorporated an overview of ICU nursesShift designs Manual taking care of Eriksen et al. (2004)Greece351 25-37 To investigate work factors that anticipate exceptional lower back torment and lower back torment corresponding to wiped out leave. Components related with lower back painQuestionnaire surveyHow medical caretakers move patients Hard work Work requests, move changes, absence of help Bryns et al. (2004)Illinois, USA4826 21-59 Hazard factors identified with lower back torment in nursesSurvey, self questionnaireShift work Truly difficult work Physical outstanding task at hand Quiet exchange Alexopoulos et al. (2003)Norway 4266 20-65 To explore between the physical and psychos social attributes of lower back painQuestionnaire overview at multi month and multi month intervalsHigh work requests Physical outstanding burden Conversation From assessing the articles, the writer found that, the most well-known subject for hazard factors indicated that, territories encompassing physical remaining burden, work requests and medical attendant instruction and patient exchange. These were relentless and have been viewed as the most significant territories to concentrate on the writing audit. Physical outstanding task at hand There were six articles that demonstrated the relationship of the danger of lower back agony through physical remaining task at hand of the medical attendants. Vieira et al. (2006) found in his examination that, by utilizing a body part uneasiness list and, Borg rating of apparent effort, they had the option to evaluate where the regular hazard factors were among the nursing staff. The investigation found that, the more patient exchange, lifting and pulling expanded the level of lower back torment occurrence. Medical attendants detailed in the investigation that manual dealing with was the most distressing and vigorous piece of their remaining task at hand, comprising of 60% of the members griping of spinal pain or agony toward the finish of their eight or twelve hour move. Vieira et al (2006) contemplated that, the majority of the movements comprised of the attendants to twist squat, lift and turn, he discovered this was the reason for every single most instance of lower back agony. Eriksen et al. (2004) led an inquiry comprising of 4266 at a quarter of a year and afterward fifteen months after the fact decreasing to 3808 medical caretakers. The examination demonstrated that, medical caretakers situated the patients a normal of five-nine times for every eight hour move. The creator feels this is a regular event all through the investigations done. In this way, Eriksen et al (2004) additionally found that visit truly difficult work was a solid relationship of lower back agony related disorder. In the current examination, it recognized the recurrence of lifting, conveying, and pushing substantial items demonstrating a high pertinence and anticipated high force of lower back torment in the nurse’s. Bryns et al. (2004) led an investigation that indicated 4826 medical attendants and the dread of them creating lower back agony and potential issues. It was indicated that physical outstanding burden was assessed through employment class, it featured the signifi cance of the distinctive nursing jobs and how much physical remaining task at hand they managed in a twelve hour move. The investigation led appear

Regulation Essay Samples - The Use of These Essays Can Help Your Essay

Regulation Essay Samples - The Use of These Essays Can Help Your EssayRegulation essay samples to give you an overview of all the topics you will need to cover in your paper. It is an interesting option for students. It can be used as a supplement to your regular essay. The use of this tool in essays is sometimes controversial in fact, many people are hesitant to use it.When using regulation essay samples, you have to be prepared to modify it a little bit, at least at first. This way you can ensure that your essays are as interesting as they should be. Some people might find this difficult as they are used to the structure of a standard essay. It is not impossible though. You have to realize that some topics will need to be covered a little differently than others.When you do use regulation essay samples, you have to be sure that you stick to the rules that they lay out. Writing for essay competitions require a different way of writing than writing for a report or thesis. They do not have the same formal structure like a standard writing. This means that there are no guidelines set by these competitions about how to structure your paper.You can use regulation essay samples to take a look at the overall structure of your essay. It is very important that you realize when you need to change the content of your paper. For example, you need to be sure that you address all the major points in your essay. Otherwise you are bound to have several different types of your essay. A well-structured essay is less likely to have issues.When you are looking at regulations essay samples, keep in mind that they will only tell you about the major themes of your essay. The details are up to you. The point of regulations essay samples is to help you put things into perspective. They can also give you some ideas about how to avoid certain problems later on in the process.Remember that when you are using regulations essay samples, you have to pay attention to detail. There are very s pecific guidelines that you should adhere to and these include: cross referencing, breaking down topics into smaller units, summarizing parts of your essay and using proper grammar. No one wants a paper full of mistakes, so you need to be able to write about a topic in a clear and concise manner.When you use regulations essay samples, you should try to consider the question of structure. Do not just throw all of your ideas together and just use them as is. This is not an effective way to use regulations essay samples because it is easy to get confused. Your main goal is to create a well-structured essay, not to have too much free speech. Take care to put all of your ideas in the proper place so that you do not leave yourself open to problems later on in the process.Regulations essay samples are helpful tools when writing your own essay. Remember though that they are not meant to be considered the 'final word' on the topic. Your essay should be fully completed before you use them. Th is means that you should be able to present your work clearly and concisely. This gives you a better chance of getting accepted into the competition.

Pathogenic Bacterium Research Paper - 825 Words

Pathogenic Bacterium (Research Paper Sample) Content: NameProfessorCourseCollegeDatePathogenic bacteriumPathogens are disease causing micro-organisms. Although humans are the most infected, pathogens can also cause diseases to animals and other plants. Pathogenic bacteria are minute disease-causing organisms hence microscopic. In addition, they are living cells that have varying sizes and shapes. Once they enter the body of the host, the bacterium multiplies rapidly releasing harmful toxins that cause illness. This describes the mechanism of the occurrence and effects of the disease. The white blood cells present in the body of humans and animals destroy the harmful pathogens by producing antibodies and antitoxins that neutralize the toxins. This research paper provides detailed information concerning pathogenic bacteria focusing on anthrax disease. The paper also includes the history, causative agent of anthrax, its transmission, vectors as well as the symptoms of the disease.Historically, several references have provid ed evidence that there has a close association between human history and anthrax. It has been suggested that, over the last thousand years, human have become aware of the effects of anthrax. For instance, historians believe that the 5th and 6th Egyptian plagues in the exodus were anthrax cases in the animals. In addition, humans were infected through physical contact with the infected animals. Anthrax was the first disease that Robert Koch, proved that it was caused by microbes. In 1876, he also proved that anthrax bacillus is the causative agent for anthrax disease (Jones 44). In addition, the disease was the first one for which a vaccine was discovered by Louis Pasteur in the year 1881. In the other half of the 19th century, pulmonary anthrax was discovered among wool sorters living in England (Turkington 11). Later on, scientists discovered that animals vaccines for anthrax could also be used on humans. Throughout the 20th and 21st century, anthrax cases have reduced in most cou ntries such as United States with the introduction of the anthrax vaccine (Institute of Medicine, US 233).Anthrax is a fatal disorder caused by the bacterium, Bacillus anthracis which was discovered by Dr. Robert Koch, a physician from Germany (Jones 44). Anthrax mostly affects animals such as sheep, goats and cattle thus regarded as a zoonosis disease (Spickler et al, 88). It also affects humans through contacts with the infected animals or even consumption of the infected animals products. The pathogenic bacterium that causes anthrax is different from other pathogenic organisms in that it is dependent on the hosts death so that it can propagate. The bacterium is exposed to oxygen once the host dies and starts to decay (Spencer 341). It then becomes spores which live and survive in the soil for up to 48 years. However, while in the soil, the spores can rarely be inhaled. Anthrax is not transmitted form one person to the other. In recent years, much attention has been given by diffe rent federal agencies towards eliminating bio-terrorist attacks which help spread the infection of anthrax (Spickler et al, 88)Symptoms of anthrax disease are notable in the infection routes of the disease. The infection routes of anthrax are four, namely; cutaneous anthrax, gastrointestinal anthrax, injection anthrax and pulmonary anthrax (Spencer 341). All the four routs have different symptoms to the infected. Cutaneous anthrax is the most common route taken by the disease. Infection enters the body of the host through cuts or sores on the skin. Common signs of infection include swelling of lymph glands especially those adjacent to the wound, itchy papule on the skin that resemble insect bites. The papule then become blisters which discharge blood serum when they burst. Cutaneous anthrax could be fatal if not treated in its early stages (Plotkin et al, 128)Gastrointestinal anthrax occurs when a person consumes an under-cooked infected animals meat. Symptoms include vomiting, feve r, sore throat, loss of appetite, nausea, headaches and bloody diarrhea especially in the advanced stages of the illness (Plotkin et al, 128) Pulmonary anthrax develops when a person inhales the anthrax spores living in the soil. However, in most cases, the spores can rarely be inhaled. Signs of pulmonary anthrax include nausea, difficulties in swallowing, chest discomforts and blood coughs. Fever, meningitis and shock may occur when the illness progresses (Plotkin et al, 128)Injection anthrax, recently reported in England, is contracted when a person injects him/herself with illegal drugs. Swelling and redness of the injection area are initial signs of injection anthrax. In later stages, the infected person may experience shock, meningitis as well as organ failure (Plotkin et al, 128)It is possible to treat and diagnose anthrax disease. Diagnosis is done by measuring particular antibodies present in blood and separating the causative bacterium from blood, respiratory secretion and skin lesions. Treatme...

Divergent Boundaries

What is Forensic Science - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1078 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/10/30 Category Science Essay Level High school Tags: Forensic Science Essay Did you like this example? Forensic science is the application of science to criminal and civil laws, mainly, on the criminal side, during criminal investigation, as governed by the legal standards of admissible evidence and criminal procedure. (Investigator, 2018). This can help specialists to better understand where the source of evidence like drugs and trace materials, how blood splatter occurs during the time of a crime and help to find the identity of an unknown suspect. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "What is Forensic Science?" essay for you Create order Undeniably, with forensic science there are many kinds of fields that use forensic science for many kinds of jobs, but they are all tied together with getting the same end results, interpret the evidence that is collected during investigations. A few of the forensic science jobs include criminalist, this person will look at the physical evidence from crime scenes, the offenders, and victims. Forensic toxicologist who analyze poisons and other toxic substances in a persons body. Forensic pathologist who examine dead bodies and forensic physical anthropologists who examine skeletal remains. Fingerprint examiner that are also known as forensic print analysis that are responsible for finding hidden fingerprints, preserving them, studying and evaluating them. As I already stated, the purpose for all these jobs is to collect, preserve the evidence, and analyze the evidence from crime scenes. There are many more jobs within this field, but these are my personal favorites because they are th e most intriguing and peculiar. Forensic scientists help law enforcement officers, lawyers, judges, and juries in delivering justice by providing results and conclusion; hence they work in forensic science laboratories associated with law enforcement or other governmental agencies that have ethical codes developed specifically for their organizations. (Health, 2017). Though you can solve cases without forensic science, but it is more difficult to solve them without it. Today, we rely on technology, that if we lost that privilege, most people would not survive for very long. This is the same with forensic science, sometimes during cases its the forensic science that solves the case and other times its getting new eyes looking at the evidence or re-examining the facts of the case. There are many kinds of equipment today that help experts to solve crimes, such as a Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry or is also known as (LA-ICP-MS). This device is used when broken glass is involved in a crime, putting together even tiny pieces can be key to finding important clues like the direction of bullets, the force of impact or the type of weapon used in a crime. Another gadget that is used if called an alternative light photography, this is for a forensic nurse, being able to quickly ascertain how much physical damage a patient has suffered can be the difference between life and death. A camera such as the Omni chrome uses blue light and orange filters to clearly show bruising below the skins surface. Third, the DNA Sequencer, this device is used to analyze old bones or teeth to determine the specific ordering of a persons DNA nucleobases and generate a read or a unique DNA pattern that can help identify that person as a possible suspect or criminal. Lastly, a Magnetic Fingerprinting and Automated Fingerprint Identification or AFIS. Crime scene investigators, forensic scientists and police officers can quickly and easily compare a fingerprint at a crime scene with an extensive virt ual database. In addition, the incorporation of magnetic fingerprinting dust and no-touch wanding allows investigators to get a perfect impression of fingerprints at a crime scene without contamination. (Becker, 2013-2018). You cannot always rely on technology and gadgets because at times, may be wrong. Today, modern DNA testing is considered the most reliable of all the forensic tools because it is 99.9% accurate. Within DNA testing, there is DNA fingerprinting that is also known as the most reliable took of forensic science. Alec Jeffreys, a British geneticist in September of 1984 uncovered DNA fingerprinting. It had to undergo extensive experimentation and validation before it was recognized as a reliable tool. It has been successfully used as a tool to point out the perpetrator of a crime, to identify the lineage of the crime and exempt the people who are wrongfully convicted. (Forensics, 2012). Fingerprint analysis assumes that all fingerprints are unique and different, but peer researchers have not adequately critiqued it. With this there are different types of ways to identify fingerprints, examples include latent fingerprints, visible fingerprints, plastic fingerprints, dusting latent fingerprints, and lifting prints, all of which are done at crime scenes. Fingerprints can b e found on any hard, smooth, nonporous surface can contain latent fingerprints. You do not powder a print unless it is necessary, and do not powder a visible print until after you photograph it. Fingerprints are positive evidence of a persons identity. They cannot, however, indicate a persons age, sex or race. Below is an example of a cold case that was solved from using forensic science in 1995 in Utah. Cold Case Murder of Krystal Beslanowitch, 1995: Solved through forensic technologies. A determined cop who was the original investigator into the murder of Krystal Beslanowitch 18 years ago in Utah helped bring resolution to this case. As The Huffington Post reports, Sheriff Todd Bonner just couldnt let the case go. She was 17 years old when she died from a crushing blow to the skull. A prostitute, her body was found in 1995 along the Provo River. Leads at the time only led to dead-ends, but investigators finally got somewhere in 2013, when new forensic technologies, taking a full day, were used to extract touch DNA from the granite rock that crushed her skull. In fact, a tool called a forensic vacuum allowed for the DNA extraction. The DNA matched to a Joseph Michael Simpson, who had been a resort bus driver in the area at the time. Simpson, now 46, was arrested in Florida in September of 2013. (Colleges, 2018). Forensic scientists help law enforcement officers, lawyers, judges, and juries in delivering justice by providing conclusions. The science behind it is fascinating and if it had not been discovered in 1984 by Alec Jeffrey, it would be more difficult to solve crimes today. With how many cold cases are out there these days, hopefully experts and scientists will be able to solve more of them like the case of Krystal Beslanowitch. We should be using this technology to catch those who take innocent lives. To bring peace to those families who have gone without their loved ones. It is not fair to them, they and the ones they are missing deserve justice.

Punishments in Primitive Soceity - 852 Words

PUNISHMENTS IN PRIMITIVE SOCIETIES Introduction: The most usual criteria for punishment in primitive societies is the principle of Eye for an eye. According to this principle if a person has taken the eye of another the chief orders that the eye of the criminal should be taken.Blood for blood is the ancient principle of retribution in primitive societies. Thus punishment is based on retributive principle. This is so since most of the tribal people believe that crime is a violation of divine system or rules. Hence it is believed that the criminal is evil and should be given suitable punishment so that he may become free from evil.The evil souls must be punished. Besides retribution, another basis for punishment is compensation of†¦show more content†¦It is generally believed that, if the offender tells a lie, he falls a prey to the supernatural anger for taking a false oath. (b) Ordeal. Sometimes the persons accused are put to torture in primitive societies before the declaration of judgment in criminal cases. If the accused persons escape without injury, they are acquitted as they are supposed to be not guilty. Kinds of Punishment 1. Different types of punishment are prevalent in different primitive societies. While in some societies compensation and social extermination are the more usual punishments, in other societies different types of physical injuries are inflicted as punishment. Similarly, in some societies fines are imposed and community feast is demanded to wipe off the crime. 2. Capital sentence is generally given in a case of homicide; but sometimes the death penalty is given to one of his family members or to one of his kins instead of inflicting it up to the person who has actually committed homicide. 3. They-believe that it is not the individual who is regarded to have been wronged but the whole kin-group to which he belonged and his kin-group, therefore avenges itself on the kin- group of the accused and not necessarily on the accused himself. 4. In some other societies the criminal is publicly insulted by blackening his face and carrying him through the entire village seated on a donkey. In America, in a tribe an unfaithful wife is given the punishment of

Symptoms And Treatment Of Osteoporosis - 1192 Words

Physiology There are several conditions that contribute to osteoporosis other than the aging process that causes elders to lose bone density, to understand the correlation of the condition one should have a basic understanding of what osteoporosis is. As stated, osteoporosis is called a silent disease with an underlying origin that is undetected or misdiagnosed since the symptoms are so nondescript until the damage is done. This condition is characterized by decrease bone mass density (BMD), the principal progression is bone fragility with undetermined body fractures, and bone mineral density decrease with aging; defines osteoporosis which yields brittle bones found in both genders. Although, women experience this process more†¦show more content†¦Ms. J stated she had heartburn and used Mylanta for treatment. As suggested, Mylanta is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) used for gastric reflux with an aluminum base that lower stomach acid levels, blocking the absorption of calciu m and phosphates which decrease bone density. The researcher has established a link between long term use of (PPI) and osteoporosis, which is a major cause of hip fractures. (Kruse, 2011) When reviewing the medical records it was noted that the client received chemo along with radiation for breast cancer and glucocorticoid injection for chronic arthritis three times in the last 10 years. For instance, there is a link between women who were treated for breast cancer with chemotherapy, the reason given was the loss of ovarian function that drops the estrogen levels that had a protective effect on the bones. Chemotherapy also has a direct harmful effect on the bones, and breast cancer stimulates osteoclasts cell production, which role is to break down bone tissue. (NIH, n.d.) â€Å"Bone loss is one of the most important side effects of glucocorticoid use, even in low doses. The main effect of glucocorticoids on bone is inhibition of osteoblast function, leading to a decrease in bone formation and a glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis† (De Niji, 2015) Ms. J fractured her arm two years ago from a fall. One of the major causes of bone and hip fractures in senior adults are

Kids Are A Victim Of Bullying - 1004 Words

1 in 7 Students in Grades K-12 is either a bully or a victim of bullying. Some parents are worried about changes, needs, and risk factors for their kids ages ten to fourteen. Kids are going to go through emotional and physical changes, like puberty. Some young teens are even at risk for depression and behavioral issues, including breaking the law. Other young teens may have certain needs. Well, all young teens have needs that need to be met! Young teens are going through such dramatic changes; it’s normal for them to swing from being happy to being sad or from feeling smart to feeling dumb. They may worry about personal traits that are vital to them, but hardly noticeable to others. With a growing ability to see the consequences of different actions, tweens and young teens are increasingly considering who they are and who they may become. They are more able to think like adults, but they don’t have the experience and judgment needed to act like adults. It’s important to help them recognize that. Your reassurance and acceptance are especially important at this time, as is your tween or teen’s growth in school and community activities. Strong support will help them develop the confidence they need to make healthy choices. These may be some physical and emotional changes you should look out for. This is the age when kids need to start using deodorant and learning more personal hygiene. Some go overboard and spend hours in the bathroom. Others resist, refusing to bathe. PubertyShow MoreRelatedBullying Essay971 Words   |  4 Pagesbullying has created lots of problems in school and outside of schools in society today. Picking on someone could very well change someone behavior. Bullying can ruin people lives if they are teased often. Younger and older kids in school are fatally injured, which needs to be taken care of before it starts and get out of hand. Bullying in first grade or going into middle school. 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People bully each other for several reasons and there are different outcomes that are a result of those reasons. People c an be bullied physically, emotionally, or verbally. Bullying can take place at school or online. Bullying should be a consideredRead MoreEffects Of Bullying On Kids : Do Actions Speak Louder Than Words? How Much Harm?1620 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of Bullying on Kids Do actions speak louder than words? How much harm can a word produce? Loser. Fatty. Nerd. Nobody. Worthless. Bullying has always been an issue in childhood and high school, but it isn t until this decade that the spotlight has really focused on the damage it produces in a child s life. In the past, adults just thought bullying was an innocent way kids expressed their feelings but now we have seen the true darkness in this problem. In 2007, almost a third of kids in middleRead MoreEssay on A Speech on Bullying1047 Words   |  5 Pagestoday is Bullying. 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Decision-Making Process of Consumers

Question: Discuss about the Decision-Making Process of Consumers? Answer: Introduction:- Before purchasing something decision-making process by the consumers is a most significant process from which the actual picture of consumer behaviour towards a particular product can be drawn. There are different like cultural, social, personal and psychological factors which influence directly or indirectly the decision-making process of a consumer. For different goods the consumer will behave differently according to his need, preference and purchasing power. Before purchasing a product the consumer should go through different stages of decision making process. In this case the judgmental power of consumer among different types of products and also among different types of alternative brands is very essential. Five stages of decision-making process of consumer while purchasing a consumer electronic product:- In todays world the electronic goods are the mostly needed products to the consumers. In case of electronic goods the consumer will always judge its durability (Lerrthaitr and Panjakajor, 2014). Now, laptop is a consumer electronic product and if a consumer wants to buy a new laptop for his/her own consumption, then he/she must follow the following five stages of their decision-making process:- Problem reorganization or need reorganization by the consumer:- Before purchasing something the consumer should recognize his/her own needs for a particular product.Without need for any product the consumer will not go for purchasing that product. The need of the consumer should be supported by its purchasing ability. Only then the consumer can precede for the further stages of his/her decision-making choice (Lerrthaitrakul and Panjakajornsak, 2014). For example: - In this case the consumer is facing a regular problem with his/her old laptop which hampers his/her daily office work and others activities like communicate with the friends and relatives through social media, checking the new mail or sending an important mail etc. Hence, he/ she urgently need a new laptop. Hence, in this case the consumer has the three types of needs for this laptop. They are:- Functional need: - This kind of need is related to the specific functions of the laptop. That is the laptop with upgraded technology is more useful for office work and different calculation. Moreover, if the new version of the laptop of a particular company has a more powerful hard-disks and video card than the old one then the consumer will decide to buy the new one rather than continuing consuming the old one, as the new one will provide him/her more facilities of memory storage and latest video games. Social need:- At present, every educated and working person has his/her own personal computer or laptop to perform their daily office work and other studies. Moreover, for getting touch with the friends and relatives, this consumer uses the social media through the laptop. He/she also urgently need it for sending important mails. Hence, there is a social need behind the purchasing decision of a electronic product like laptop. Need for changes:- The previous laptop of the consumer was very old one and the consumer has the desire to buy a new model. Hence, the consumer will decide to purchase a new laptop in order to replacing the old one. Informational search: - Before purchasing the new laptop he will fast gather information about the different types of available laptops in the market with different features having different prices. The customer may gather this information either from his friends, family members or co-workers who are experts in this field or from various commercial sources like T.V. adds news paper advertisement etc. He can also take the purchasing decision from his own experience in this particular field. There are two types of information sources. One is the internal source and the other is the external source (O'Shaughnessy, 2012). The internal sources of information:- The main internal source of information is the consumers own experience and memories of purchasing the old laptops. On the basis of this memory the consumer will not repeat the same mistake as he/she did while purchasing the old one. Moreover, the experts or the office-staffs may also provide advice to purchase a best quality product (Perreau, 2013). The external sources of information:- The friends, family members and the other consumers are act as external sources to provide the information to the customer about the features and price of different brands of laptops. Besides, the social media play an important role in providing this information. That is the consumer can also gather information from the advertisements in newspapers or from T.V. or from the magazine or commercial brochure of that particular product (Rathnam, 2005). Alternative evaluation:- After gathering the decision, he will begin to evaluate or compare among the different brands of laptops available in the market. In this case he will focus on the brand which offers lots of easily hand able features at a cheaper rate than other brands. There are different brands of laptop sold in the world market like Sony, HP, Dell, Samsung etc. There are some similar and some different features of these different brands of laptop. Some of them are very user friendly but have not much upgraded features. Again, some of them may contain various upgraded features but not very user friendly. Moreover, the design and the style of different models of the laptops are different. It is totally up to the consumer that which brand or which model he/she will choose according to his/her need. The decision-making choice should ensure the need of the consumer (Schiffman and Wisenblit, 2015). Purchasing Decision:- After evaluating the alternative brands of the laptops he will take the final decision of purchasing and purchase the product according to his need, taste and affordability. Even while purchasing the laptop the consumer can choose whether he/she will purchase a new laptop or a second hand laptop. If the consumer has not enough capital in his/her hand to buy a new laptop and if the need is urgent, then he/she can purchase a second hand laptop provided the laptop is functioning well (Schiffman, Kanuk and Hansen, 2012). Post-purchase behaviour:- After purchasing the laptop the consumer will judge that whether the product is really suitable for his need or whether he can easily handle this product. If there arise any problem with the laptop, the consumer will immediately complain at its service centre and will ask for either to solve the problems or to provide him a new laptop in exchange of the purchased one. However, if the purchased laptop is used by the consumer for a long-time then the company can only provide some services in exchange of service charge if their arise any problem regarding the use of that laptop. The consumers can also share their positive or negative views regarding the products by word-of-mouth to their friends and families or also through the social media (Streetdirectory.com, 2015). Conclusion:- Though all the consumers follow the basic characteristics regarding their decision-making, the actual behavioural patterns of different consumers are different according to their different test and preference on different quality of products. Hence, it is not so easy to analyse the consumer behaviour through these five stages of decision-making choice only. Besides, there is a great need of changes in distribution system especially for the consumer electronic goods as different consumers are particular about the appropriate system of distribution of separate electronic products. Since, the buying capacity of the purchaser of a similar product may not be same, there also may arise a differences regarding the quantity purchased of the same product. However, in present world, due to an expansion of online marketing, there is an increasing numbers of commercial shops or websites and the online purchaser, though the behaviours of both the online and the offline purchaser are more or less same. References:- Lerrthaitr, W. and Panjakajor, V. (2014). Channels of Electronic Word-of-mouth Affecting Consumers' Buying Decision-making Process in the Low Cost Carriers (LCCs).Research Journal of Business Management, 8(4), pp.367-378. Lerrthaitrakul, W. and Panjakajornsak, V. (2014). The Impact of Electronic Word-of-Mouth Factors on Consumers Buying Decision-Making Processes in the Low Cost Carriers: A Conceptual Framework.International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 5(2), pp.142-146. O'Shaughnessy, J. (2012).Consumer behaviour. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Parumasur, S. and Roberts-Lombard, M. (2012).Consumer behaviour. Claremont, South Africa: Juta. Perreau, F. (2013).The 5 stages of Consumer Buying Decision Process. [online] Theconsumerfactor.com. Available at: https://theconsumerfactor.com/en/5-stages-consumer-buying-decision-process/ [Accessed 14 Aug. 2015]. Rathnam, G. (2005). Interaction Effects of Consumers' Product Class Knowledge and Agent Search Strategy on Consumer Decision Making in Electronic Commerce.IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics - Part A: Systems and Humans, 35(4), pp.556-573. Rose, V. (2012).Consumer behaviour. Delhi: University Publications. Schiffman, L. and Wisenblit, J. (2015).Consumer behavior. Boston [u.a.]: Pearson. Schiffman, L., Kanuk, L. and Hansen, H. (2012).Consumer behaviour. Harlow, England: Pearson Financial Times/Prentice Hall. Streetdirectory.com, (2015).Consumer Decision Making Process. [online] Available at: https://www.streetdirectory.com/etoday/consumer-decision-making-process-fepoe.html [Accessed 14 Aug. 2015].

Exclusion Clauses and Unfair Contract Terms

Question: Discuss about the Exclusion Clauses and Unfair Contract Terms. Answer: Introduction: Contract law is a very basic, but very detailed law and it has various different aspects, which have to be adhered properly. This legal essay contains a discussion upon the various elements of a contract, in addition to the manner of establishing a breach of contract. The discussion would also include the manner in which each element of contract impacts the formation of contract, exclusion clause, as well as, the postal rules. Hence, the case study would be analyzed with the help of contract law and its various aspects. Through the analysis of case study, with the applicable laws, it would be established that Joseph and Clara cannot initiate any legal actions against Marshall as there is no counter-claim. Further, it would also highlight the success of legal action against Joseph and Clara by Marshall for the breach of contract. However, Edward would not be successful in raising this claim. The contract can be stated as an exchange of promise, which takes place between two more parties, for a consideration. There are two manners in which a contract can be formed, i.e., the contract where the contractual terms are discussed in an oral manner and is known as an oral contract; and the other one is the written contract, in which the contractual terms are discussed and after discussion, put on a document, which is then signed by the contracting parties. For the creation of a valid contract, it needs to have the six essential elements, offer and acceptance, consideration, intention to form legal relations, genuine consent, contractual capacity and legality of objects. The first essential element in a contract is to have an offer. It is crucial to make a differentiation between an offer and an invitation to treat. An invitation to treat represents the interest and the willingness to enter into the stage of negotiations. The advertisements which are covered in magazines or the newspapers are taken to be an invitation to treat, instead of an offer. A prime example of this is the case of Partridge v Crittenden, where the advertisement in magazine was held to be the invitation to treat. This is the reason why the courts rule that in case of an invitation to treat, the individuals are not required to complete the sale. However, where a unilateral offer is published in a newspaper, in such a case, the advertisement would be treated as an of fer, and the prime example of this is Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Company. Joseph had given the advertisement in the local newspaper, which was not a unilateral offer, as it opened the channels for further negotiations and invited the prices from the interested parties. Being an invitation to treat, Clara and Joseph were not obligated to accept the replies of either Edward or Marshall as per Partridge v Crittenden. The reply to this invitation dating February 8th 2017 by Marshall and the one dating February 12th 2017 by Edward would be deemed as the offer. As these replies were the answer to the negotiations initiated through the invitation to treat, they would be deemed as offer. The second element of contract relates to the acceptance to the offer. Whenever an offer is made by one party, it has to be accepted by the party to which the offer was made, as it was made. If the offer is modified or amended in even the minutest of ways, it is deemed as a counter offer, and a prime example of this is the case of Hyde v. Wrench. The acceptance can also be communicated through post. When an acceptance is posted, the date of posting the letter of acceptance is taken as the date of acceptance by the party. The reason behind this is that the postal office is the implied agent of the posting party, and so, the receipt of such office is deemed receipt by the other party. It remains irrelevant whether or not such communication is received by the offering party. The contract was held to be enforceable due to the date of postage being the date of acceptance, in the case of Adams v. Lindsell. The rules of postage apply to the electronic communication as these are considered to be the digital equivalent of the postal system. Hence, when an email is sent, containing the offer or acceptance of the contracting parties, the date of sending such an email is taken to be the date of offer or acceptance. The key objective behind this concept is the meeting of minds of the contracting parties. For the case study given here, the offer was sent through an email. So, applying the postal rules, the date of offer would be the email date. For the acceptance part, the acceptance was made by Marshall to Joseph on February 13th 2017, through, Edward never accepted the offer. Another element of contract relates to the consideration, without which, a contract is invalid. In both the offers, by Marshall and Edward, there was a consideration of $40 per square meter and $38 per square meter, respectively. The terms of the contract were clear. There was legal capacity, and genuine consent as there is nothing to show others. And the terms of the contract were also legal. And so, due to presence of the elements of contract, a contract was formulated between Clara-Joseph and Marshall. Though, due to lack of acceptance to the offer of Edward, a contract was not formed. Often a term is included in the contract, which has the power of restricting and limiting the rights or liabilities of the parties and is known as the exclusion clause. An exclusion clause can only be valid when it is included properly in the contract and is not contradictory to the law or the applicability of such law. The exclusion clause needs to be inserted at the time when the contract is formed and if it is are incorporated later on, it becomes invalid. In L'Estrange v Graucob it was held that it is not necessary for the plaintiff to have read the exclusion clause. Though, in case the exclusion clause is stated elsewhere, it becomes significant that it is properly brought to the attention of the party against which it is included. Since the exclusion clause was contained at the back of the ticket, in Chapelton v Barry UDC and the same was not brought to the attention of the party, it was deemed as invalid. In the case study, the exclusion clause was not contained in the contract and instead, was contained in the standard form by Marshall. And so, as per Chapelton v Barry UDC, this exclusion clause was invalid. This was also invalid as Marshall failed to highlight the same in front of Joseph. A breach of contract occurs in such situations where the party to the contract falls short in fulfilling one or more terms of the contract. In case of breach of contract, the aggrieved party can apply remedies in form of monetary, as well as, equitable damages. In this case study, Joseph stopped Marshall from carrying on his work. Even though the work was not performed by Marshall, but it was due to the actions of Joseph, hence, Joseph breached the contract. For this breach, Marshall can claim monetary compensation. But, as a contract was not formed between Edward and Joseph, a breach cannot be established. After the incident with Marshall, Joseph responded to the offer of Edward, by changing the terms, where by the work had to be initiated upon the attainment of structural soundness of the floor. So, as per Hyde v. Wrench, this is a counter offer. This contract was formed later on, and as the work has not yet been stated by Edward, the contract has not concluded and a breach is not present. The point regarding the counter-claim could have been made by Joseph and Clara, only when Marshall had failed to discharge his part of the contract. Even though they could raise the point, that due to the lack of proper work by Marshall, the flooding was caused, but Marshall never refused to continue or correct the work. He was deliberately stopped from doing his work by Joseph and Clara and so, there is no counter claim which can be made in this case. Through the analysis of the case study, with the applicable laws and the leading cases, the contract was established. A contract was formed between Marshall and Joseph-Clara, which was breached by the latter and had to compensate the former for such breach. But, for the lack of work done in proper manner by Marshall, he would have had to counter-compensate Joseph-Clara, only if he had refused to correct his work. Since no such thing was done, a counter-claim cannot be made by Joseph and Clara. Though, the exclusion clause, was invalid, and would not be of any assistance to Marshall. Though, there is no legal liability arising for Joseph-Clara due to their contract with Edward. Bibliography Abbott K, Pendlebury N and Wardman K, Business law (Thompson Learning, 8th ed, 2007) Carter JW, Elisabeth Peden and Greg Tolhurst, Contract Law in Australia (LexisNexis Butterworths, 5th ed, 2007) Latimer P, Australian Business Law 2012 (CCH Australia Limited, 31st ed, 2012) Lawson RG, Exclusion Clauses and Unfair Contract Terms (Sweet Maxwell, 10th ed, 2011) Macdonald E and Atkins R, Koffman Macdonald's Law of Contract (Oxford University Press, 8th ed, 2014) Adams v. Lindsell (1818) 106 ER 250 Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Company [1893] 1 QB 256 Chapelton v Barry UDC (1940) 1 KB 532 Hyde v. Wrench (1840) 3 Beav 334 L'Estrange v Graucob [1934] 2 KB 394 Partridge v Crittenden [1968] 1 WLR 1204

How to Write a Sample Essay For Frege

How to Write a Sample Essay For FregeIf you are a member of the general public and you want to know how to write a sample essay for Frege. The Internet is your source. There are many sites where you can read samples and you will see that there are lots of these. Frege is one of the most popular mathematics and this means that when people are looking for samples they can look for Frege essays.Another way to learn how to write a Frege sample is to visit the Math Forum. Here you will find a discussion group that is dedicated to Frege. There are many topics about this topic including a forum where you can post your own essay. There is also a discussion forum that is a collection of papers written on Frege.This is also a good place to see some sample essays. These are letters from other persons who have written about this topic. It is really amazing to see all the different things that other people have written. There are even letters from mathematicians. All in all, you will get a lot of information and comments from these sample essays.Frege is a mathematician who spent his life trying to create a new branch of mathematics. He was able to do this and he created a whole new branch of mathematics. His goal was to change how the general public viewed math.You will find that when you go online to look at samples that there are many different ones for you to read. If you want to know how to write a sample essay for Frege, you can easily pick up a copy of an essay that can be found online. You should make sure that you read through it carefully and learn the different ways that you can go about writing this type of essay.Since the Internet is such a great resource for many other subjects, you should not let it be your downfall when it comes to looking for sample essays. You need to take time to explore what it is that you are looking for. There are many of these available and you will want to make sure that you look at a few different ones. The more that you look, the b etter chance that you will find the one that you want.One of the best places to find sample essays for Frege is the Math Forum. You can get to visit the forum by searching on the Internet for the name. On the Forum you will find a lot of good information about the topic. The Math Forum is a great source for people to gather together and discuss this topic. Make sure that you sign up for a free account so that you can take advantage of the forum.Frege is a mathematician who spent his life trying to create a new branch of mathematics. He was able to do this and he created a whole new branch of mathematics. His goal was to change how the general public viewed math.

Why has Nucor performed so well in the past Essay Example

Why has Nucor performed so well in the past Paper The following section discusses the reasons that Nucor has been able to perform so well in the past. It examines the internal and external (industry) factors impacting success. Industry Analysis This section examines industry forces using Porters Five Forces Analysis (See Appendix 1). Porters Analysis illustrates that both Industry Competition and Barrier to Entry are HIGH. Threat of Substitutes and Buyer Power are Medium and Supplier Power is Low (See Appendix 1 for detailed analysis). However, even in the face of such stable and fiercely competitive market, Nucor was continually able to maintain its strong position within the industry. Thus we now look to Nucors internal characteristics as a source for competitive advantage. We will write a custom essay sample on Why has Nucor performed so well in the past specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Why has Nucor performed so well in the past specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Why has Nucor performed so well in the past specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Internal Analysis This section compares Nucors superior resources and capabilities to its competitors, and discusses how it has exploited them for competitive advantage. Resources Capabilities * Strong Financials Resources with forecasted growth in cash flows further strengthening its investment or borrowing capacity. * Pioneering technology and technical sophistication in Thin Slab casting * Critical Mass of existing Mills and geographic locations in proximity to customer base. * Its reputation, brand equity and relationships with suppliers within the industry. * Its large existing customer base. * Its highly motivated workforce, build through a series of performance goals and high powered performance incentives (Nucor Case, 1990) * Lower cost production through pioneering technology. * Technological Superiority for greater efficiency in volume production * Rapid supply to assist in low inventory levels for customers. * Extensive experience in building Mini Mills efficiently * Consistent investment in maintaining capacity of production. * Long Term experience and success in the industry. * Lean, flat, decentralised organisational structure for rapid decision making. Michael Porters resource-based view suggests that the key to profitability is not through doing the same as other firms, but rather exploiting differences (Grant,2002). Aside from strong financial resources, Nucor understood its greatest resource was is its people. It utilised a combination of non unionised workforce, incentive systems, training and decentralised decision making to ensure the more effective is (was) to communicate with employees and the greater autonomy they had to make rapid and effective decisions (Nucor Case, 1990). This lowered production costs and improved employee productivity. In addition, Nucor had other significant resources at its disposal such as modern technology, advantageous locations, cheaper and more co-operative labour, entrepreneurial management, and narrow product lines, that let them wrest away share from integrated steel makers in the segments they served (Nucor Case, 1990). Nucor also demonstrated superior capabilities by effectively using its resources to develop efficiencies in volume production, and bring products to market more cheaply and more quickly than its competitors. There were three components to this capability. Firstly, Nucor utilised combination of research and development activities that refined speed and efficiency of the production process. Nucor had invested steadily and heavily in upgrading its capacity, old as well as new, (Nucor Case, 1990) and leveraged this capability to lower production time and costs. In addition, Nucor was consistently able to defend itself against substitutes through its cost reduction capabilities and lower prices. Secondly, Nucor was able to lower its investment/construction costs using their extensive experience in building and remodeling Mini Mills in ways other firms were unable to emulate. Nucor designed and built plants concurrently, reducing engineering costs to 2% of total costs, from the industry standard of 10%. With this experience, Nucor was able to make adjustments on the fly, and reduce time to project completion, thus providing positive cash-flows more quickly. Finally, it had speed of delivery to customers and suppliers by locating mills in similar geographic regions. Nucor was able to leverage these competencies to create sustainable competitive advantage in the marketplace. From a positional advantage (Porter, 2000) perspective, Nucor used its resources and capabilities for cost advantage. It was able to utilise its superior MM technology to lower its cost structure by taking advantage of the declines in integrated steel makers demand for scrap and eliminating coke ovens and blast furnaces (Nucor Case, 1990). No other competitor in the industry has used this focus to create value for its customers and superior profits for itself as Nucor had. Nucor was the low cost leader in the market. With this unique combination of resources and capabilities, Nucors distinctive competencies enabled high levels of innovation and efficiency in Mini-Mill (MM) production technologies. Such technology had the effect of reducing the minimal efficient scale of production from millions of tons to hundreds of thousands of tons, or less (Nucor Case, 1990) as well as reducing the capital cost per ton of capacity by a factor of 10.

The United States Declaration of Independence essays

The United States Declaration of Independence essays The United States Declaration of Independence is a very important American text adopted on July 4, 1776. In fact, thirteen British North American colonies use it to proclaim their independence from Great Britain. 56 men signed the Declaration of Independence equally pledging to each other their lives, their fortunes and their sacred honor. It was written by Thomas Jefferson and has three main parts to it which include a proclamation on the rights of man and the authenticity of revolution, criticism against King George III of England, and a formal claim of independence. The American colonists were announcing to the world their independence from Great Britain and they hoped this would gain support and assistance from European powers such as France. The declaration of independence was all about the unalienable rights, rights that should never be taken away, for the people. The people officially gained the right to alter or abolish any government that threatened their unalienable r ights and to install a new government that could uphold these principals. The British King had taken many of these rights away and the Declaration listed these numerous ways in which he had done so. On July 2, 1776, the delegates voted that the colonies were free and on July 4th they officially adopted the Declaration of Independence. It was then read to a crowd in front of the Philadelphia State House, or Independence Hall. As the years have passed since the Declaration of Independence has passed, it has made a great impact on American history. It flat our states that all men are created equal and when it was written, it expressed the common beliefs that free citizens were political equals. Although it did not mention any specific minority groups, it presented ideals that would later help groups such as slaves or women later. The first draft actually contained an attack on the cruelty and injustice of the salve trade but South Carolina and Georgia o...

Sub-Saharan Africa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Sub-Saharan Africa - Essay Example The Serengeti mammal population is considered the largest one in the world, which makes it a perennial visiting site for tourists from across the whole world (Partridge, 2006, May 20). From the purely aesthetic point of view, Serengeti is one of the most picturesque territories in the whole African continent. Topographically, Serengeti encompasses a stretch of wide plains and open woodlands in southern Kenya, northern Tanzania, with the Olduvai Gorge, famous site where the fossils of first prehistoric hominid species were found, cutting across its territory (Sinclair & Norton-Griffiths, 1979, p. vii). Serengeti’s nature is its main treasure, with the host of certain mammalian species being more prevalent there than elsewhere in the continent. The migrant herbivore mammals are the most likely encounters for any tourist or traveler wishing to cross the Serengeti. The ecosystem of Serengeti, covering more than 25,000 sq. km, possess the well-defined natural boundaries that restri ct these grazing animals’ migratory movements and effectively explain the abundance of their various species there. To the north, the Loita plains of Kenya, with their dry conditions, limit the possible northward movements of the mammal herds, while to the east and south the Gol Mountains present further complications for any would-be migrant grazers (Sinclair & Norton-Griffiths, 1979, p.31). The only part of geographical surroundings that allow relatively safe connection to the external environment is the south-east crater highlands, with the Ngorongoro Crater hosting a variety of resident mammal population due to its abundant grass vegetation (p.32). The animal world of the Serengeti region is extremely diverse. When passing through the area, I encountered large herds of Blue Wildebeests, zebras and Thomson’s gazelles, in addition to less prominent, but not less diverse, herds of various lesser wildebeests and gazelles. The wildebeests of all types are the special at traction for all the visitors of Serengeti area, as they are increasingly involved in gargantuan-scale migrations that may encompass up to one million animals in them. The Serengeti region is one of the most picturesque and interesting areas of East Africa. It represents the best example of the still flourishing fauna of this part of the continent and, as such, can be recommended for further visits by the curious travelers. Ngorongoro Crater Area The next sight to be visited in the course of my travels across the Sub-Saharan Africa was the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, which presents an example of combination of the geologically complex landscape and the lively and diverse ecosystem. The history of the Ngorongoro area is rather interesting, as this region was one of the most ancient places of human settlement, as well as of the highly volatile relations between different local peoples and tribes. Nonetheless, the main attraction of the Ngorongoro region lies in its spectacular geolo gical features, as well as in its rich variety of fauna. From the geological standpoint, the Ngorongoro Crater attests to the volatile processes of mountain building that used to occur in this area millions years ago. Judging from the data produced by modern geologists, about 2 million years ago, the Ngorongoro Peak may

How to Minimize Costs with Effective Project Management Essay

How to Minimize Costs with Effective Project Management - Essay Example In addition, one should ensure not to put too many people in the project and do should avoid bad vendors at all cost. In addition, ensuring that the teams employed have the right skills to pursue the specified goal is also of great importance. This is because the staff does what they know best hence reducing cost and time wastage.secondly, any staff member who meets the desirable goal should be rewarded to motivate them and to encourage the others to do their best, thirdly, should value the contributions of in members’ dimensions to ensure that they are left out. In addition to this, appointing of a qualified project manager to deal with should be in the forefront to ensure that the project remains on the right course to attain. In conclusion, all the contributions of every employee should be valued in all dimensions to avoid favoring some, which leads to low productivity. This is to mean that each individual should be given credit according to what he does

Increasingly multicultural Essay Example for Free

Increasingly multicultural Essay Montreal is a vibrant cosmopolitan city that is becoming increasingly multicultural. although this is the case Quebecs language laws have made it all but impossible to post outdoor signs in languages other than French. Other disadvantageous do not point just to those who do not speak French. Since Bill 101 was passed in 1977 many were skeptical over the change in the school system when it urged Quebec to change a law that requires most immigrant children to get their schooling in French. The law that now keeps most immigrant children out of English schools, Bill 101, was enacted 22 years ago under the authority of our good old friend Rene Levesque in response to nationalist fears that a pronounced tendency among Quebec allophones to choose an English education for their children together with a low francophone birth rate posed a long-term threat to the future of the French language, especially here in Montreal. Why couldnt the city be left the way it was, the needless threat of all of Quebecs language laws have posed a menace to society. The more laws that have been passed the more the French Majority have become involved resulting in a greater vigor to stay free from English. There have been in the past many riots and angered separatists willing to give their lives for the right to keep the French language intact. If the Government hadnt been so enthusiastic over efforts to change the face of the province maybe the majority of the population would have left the issue of language alone and accepted the English for what they are. Many have grown through the upbringing of their parents to treat everybody the same, and also by the old saying. Dont judge a book by its cover. It is a complete outrage for the Government to witness crimes of hate and to ignored them by making the problem worse by going ahead with their proposed we hate the English lets get them out of here law. That has definitely been the way that allophones have felt and they were never given a fair share of anything, not even a vote. After the referendum this had become the talk of the nation when rumors suggested that die-hard separatists had tampered with the votes after the 1994 referendum when Quebec narrowly escaped separation from Canada by just a hairs breadth. But the havoc hadnt only just begun, there were incidents in the past when Prime Minister Trudeau was in charge that literally tested the lives of allophones, closer to home over here in Westmount. Alleged obstinate separatists preformed acts of hate on Montreals well-known English community. Bombs were neatly placed in to mailboxes that were, appallingly, set to detonate once opened. This spelled danger to Montreals allophone community who flocked elsewhere to get away from the unbearable tensions that were built amongst them by these alleged terrorists. That is exactly why I disagree with Mordecai Richlers opinion over Montreals status. He once said. We Havent Lost our heads only our apostrophes. Montreal however diminished is still to my mind the most agreeable city in Canada. And this is because the two cultures not only confront eachother but also continue to enrich eachother. How could such a knowledgeable man ignore all the violence and the lack of equality. It has to be said that there has never been a time when it was liberated to say that we have grown to enrich each other because it quite simply isnt true. Problems between the two vibrant cultures have not caused astronomical damage, but enough damage to believe that allophones are not wanted. Tensions for a while remained calm, but more recently the bombings that plagued some second Cup coffee shops, in a furious scuffle just to change the name to Deuxieme Tasse. Similar incidents include Jacques Villneuves opening of his bar called new town the translation of his last name. The successful Formula 1 hero was the target of many unpleased individuals over the name of his bar. Villneuve was later asked to reply and give his opinion to the miserable reaction over the name and quite simply stated that people in this city must become more open minded. Cant really disagree there. It comes to show that times havent changed and that tensions are still sky high. That is exactly why I disagree with Mordecai Richlers opinion over the Montreals status. He once said. We Havent Lost our heads only our apostrophes. Montreal however diminished is still to my mind the most agreeable city in Canada. And this is because the two cultures not only confront eachother but also continue to enrich eachother.

marriage under fire :: essays research papers

Marriage under Fire We must remember what marriage is for and why God has given it the design he did. Marriage is to be between a man and a woman. This goes back to the beginning of time and why God created woman in the first place; â€Å"to provide a helpful mate for Adam; it was not good that man should be alone† (Genesis 1:18, 20-23). So we see that marriage was God's idea, not men. Knowing this, why in the world would we as Americans give that right to homosexual couples? Marriage is a blessing the God gave to man. In society today, many individuals have forgotten the importance of marriage. People have the tendencies to marry anyone at anytime because they do not see the significance of marriage and God. America was founded by God and his beliefs. The United States screams God everywhere from currency to the Pledge of Allegiance. Thus meaning, why would the United States, a place of God, allow something morally wrong and sinful? Some would argue that homosexual marriage is a step in the righ t direction for human rights. They believe it is an act of freedom. This is wrong because homosexual matrimony is everything God stands against. Citizens today do not have the right to try and add or delete any scriptures in the Bible to help themselves. God made the Bible to guide people in the right direction. People need to read the bible in order to understand the word, not to change it. Accepting homosexual marriage would only hurt America. It is a major threat to the structure of families. The country should not take lightly the meaning of marriage and on a higher note try and take it away. â€Å"Marriage is like a brand new car: once you take that car off of the car lot the value of it depreciates. Giving homosexuals the right to marry would depreciate the value of marriage and the pride it once carried will be no more. Not only does it do that, but more importantly it goes against God! We must preserve our values and morality for generations to come, for those children being born today and next year.† The marriage between two people of the same sex is against Gods beliefs, a threat to the structure of families and a sin to mankind. With dedication and perseverance people who oppose gay marriages can succeed in ending the debate of making it legal.

Minocycline and Public Misinformation

The potential role of minocycline in limiting neurological stroke damage is a widely studied arena, as evident by the numerous studies conducted on the topic and the implications of these findings are widely circulated in the scientific and public community using the print and broadcast media. But, it is highly unlikely that the common media would religiously reflect the findings based on the scientific research as potentiated by the ‘knowledge gap’ that exists between them. In the light of this statement, there is a general aim to investigate the â€Å"knowledge gaps† that may have been loss from information transfer of the technical work to that of the more popular broad print media. The Recent Study Conducted on Minocycline Minocycline, a tetracycline derivative is more popular for its an anti-inflammatory activity rather than its antibiotic effect. Minocycline alleviates the blood brain barrier disruption by decreasing the activity of microglia and metalloproteinase, reduction of edema and hemorrhage and reduce ischemia. The specificity of mitocycline as inhibitor of microglial activity by limiting p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase makes it a potential drug for neurological disorders. Lampl et al. (2007) conducted an open label, evaluator blinded study on the monocycline treatment in acute stroke. This scientific approach diverted from the normal â€Å"animal models† and the â€Å"in vivo and the in vitro approach† classic method of studying drug medication effect by using actual human models. One hundred fifty two stroke patients were used for the study; 74 received minocycline treatment [(200 mg/day/5 days; start: 6-24 hr after stroke onset)] and 77 received placebo. The NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and Barthel index were assessed for day 7, 30 and 90 (7 and 90 for NIHSS). Data analysis (covariance and two tailed   t-test) were carried out using SPSS statistical analysis software. Results indicate that there was significant reduction NIHSS score at day 90 for monocycline patients compared that of the placebo patients. The reduction was apparent from baseline up to last day of treatment. Barthel index was significantly reduced at day 7 till the end of the treatment and mRS difference started at day 2 onwards. Covariance (co-variance: age, presence of peptic ulcer, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) , sulfonylurea(SU) were performed again for NHSS test and results show significant difference between the groups with mean difference increase for covariates. The study indicates that the administration of minocycline at acute stage of stroke using five day treatment therapeutic onset window of 24 hr is effective in alleviating stroke damages. The â€Å"24 hr therapeutic onset† is based on results of previous studies stating that edema peaks at 24 to 48 hr following ischemia and inhibition at this timescale of apoptopic pathway is most effective. The limitations of the study are the six hr post-stroke administration, the oral medication, and small sampling units. Confirmation is still needed for this study. The Public Mis-Conveyance of the Minocycline Efficacy Last October 27, 2007, Thomas H. Maugh II of Los Angeles Times wrote â€Å"[Minocycline] taken within 24 hours, the drug is found to help reduce disabling effects in a patient’s body and brain.† Thomas H. Maugh based his article on the aforementioned study above. However there are discrepancies that can be found between the article and the actual study which he allegedly used as the fountain of information on minocycline efficiency. First, he intimated that the drug should be administered within the first three hours. He also forgot to mention that the dosage administered was 200 mg.There was nothing in the journal that said that the drug must be administered at within 3 hr. In fact, the therapeutic window indicated in the scientific journal was â€Å"within 24 hr† and the experimental method involved â€Å"six hr post stroke†. Second, he elicited the â€Å"secondary† opinion from the scientific community specifically Dr. Steven Pacia of Lenox Hospital, Dr. John Marler of National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and Dr. Raymond Swanson of University of California. There is nothing wrong with eliciting opinions from known field experts on neurology. But the fact is that he should have elicited ‘primary’ source of information from the Israeli scientists and not from those who are not really involved the conducted study. Maugh also wrote that subjects for the study excluded â€Å"those who had already shown signs of recovery.† There was no line on the methodology of the paper mentioning this. He also failed to indicated chronic renal failure as a category in the exclusion of study. (This is very important since there is strong association of inefficacy of oral administration in chronic renal patients). He also wrote that Lampl said that the improvement was apparent within a week. It is a misnomer of information; there was ‘significant’ improvement from Day 90 and not Day 7. He also wrote that the minocycline receivers did ‘4x’ times better. He forgot to mention if at what scale this 4x is. Is it from the baseline or is it a comparison to the placebo group? Lampl’s group cited that the study must be performed on a larger scale to attest its efficacy. Maugh’s misnomers and some information deletions may have mislead the reader into believing that the minocycline is proven and tested as effective. Health information to the public should be delivered as precise as possible. Journalist should be more careful about what they write because they are open to misinterpretation by the public. What would happen if a desperate stroke patient took this information seriously and drank more than 200 mg per day? Results are inconclusive on this. However, it should be deeply noted that, in the end, the public is the one who suffers from this misinformation. Works Cited Lampl, Y., Boaz, M. Gilad, R., M. Loberboym, Dabby, R., Rapoport, A., Anca-hershowitz, M., and M. Sadeh. â€Å"Minocycline Treatment in Acute Stroke.† Neurology.   1609 (2007): 1404-1410. Maugh, H. Thomas. â€Å"Antibiotic Limits Stroke Damage, Study Finds.† Los Angeles Times. 2 October 2007.